英语间接引语怎样转换

 　　直接引语变间接引语的方法：

　　从句人称的变化：

　　由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。

　　1) 直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg:① They said,“We will go there by bus”

　　他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。

　　→ They said they would go there by bus.

　　他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。

　　② He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”

　　→ He said that he was visiting his aunt next week.

　　2)如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg:

　　① She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”

　　她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗?”

　　→ She asked me if /whether I was interested in science.

　　她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。

　　② He said to me,“You are hard-working.”

　　→ He told me that I was hard-working.

　　3)如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。

　　eg: His mother said to me,“ He can’t go to school.”

　　他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。

　　→ His mother told me that he couldn’t go to school.

　　他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。

　　从句时态的变化：

　　1) 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。

　　eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”

　　他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。

　　→ He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.

　　2)如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。

　　① 一般现在时改为一般过去时;

　　② 现在进行时改为过去进行时;

　　③ 一般将来时改为过去将来时。

　　注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。

　　eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.

　　老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。

　　→ The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound.

　　句型的变化：

　　1)如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。 eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。

　　→ He said that he liked watching TV.

　　2)如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He asked me,“ Will you buy the red coat?”

　　他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗?”

　　→ He asked me if/whether I would buy the red coat.

　　3)如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。 eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?”

　　她问：“你从哪里来的?” → She asked me where I was from.

　　4)如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定

　　如：tell( ask , order ,…) sb. (not) to do sth.

　　eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me.

　　→ The teacher told me to open the door.

　　“Don’t open the door.” The teacher said to me.

　　→The teacher told me not to open the door.